Eritrea
Eritrea
1. Country / Territory
Brief
“ITC aims to assist
Eritrea in creating sustainable trade linkages with the developing world by
sourcing good quality products
from these growing export
markets. This page contains trade performance and investment data as well as
highly innovative
trade flow trends and
analysis specially developed by ITC. This country page also makes use of ITC’s
LegaCarta tool, which
offers a country-specific
analysis of the global multi-lateral rules impacting cross-border trade. You
can also find information
relating to the
organizations working in Eritrea dedicated to assisting Eritrean importers of
goods and services from the
developing world as well
as those organisations hoping to assist developing-country exporters who wish
to sell their product or
service in Eritrea .”
2. People and Economy
2.1 People
Total
population
(growth
rates per annum) 5,382,163 in 2012 with growth rates of 3.3% p.a during 2008-2012
Population
density
(people
per sq. km of
land
area)
53 in 2012
Female
population 50.2% in 2012
Population
below 15
years
of age 43.1% in 2008 ; 43.0% in 2012
Urban
population 20.2% in 2012
Population
living below
$1.25 a
day at purchasing
power
parity (PPP)
N.A.
Ranking
in the Human
Development
Index (HDI) 181 out of 186 in 2012
Evolution of the Human Development Index (HDI)
Source: United Nations
Development Programme Human Development Indicators
Note: The Human
Development Index measures the overall development of a nation and ranges from
0 (low level of
development) to 1 (highest
level of development). The United Nations Development Programme (http://hdr.undp.org)
provides a detailed
explanation. ITC Regional group refers to ITC definition
Health Life
expectancy at birth (years) (62); Mortality rate, under-5 (per thousand live
births) (51.8) in
2012
Education
Education index - expected and mean years of schooling (rank) (
168 out of 191) in 2012
Income
level N.A.
Inequality
N.A.
Poverty
N.A.
Gender N.A.
Sustainability
N.A.
2.2 Economy
Added
value per sector
(current
US$ and % of GDP)
Sector
added value
2004 2008
2012
US $ %GDP
US $ %GDP US $ %GDP
Agriculture 118 11.6 232
17.4 N.A. N.A.
Industry 218 21.3 358
26.9 N.A. N.A.
Manufacturing 95 9.3 90
6.8 N.A. N.A.
Services 684 67.1 743
55.8 N.A. N.A.
Source: World Bank World
Development Indicators (WDI)
Note: Added value is US$
terms are expressed in million, GDP US$, and
"6,976 to be read
6'976"
Evolution
of GDP (constant
2005 US$)
Source: World Bank World
Development Indicators (WDI)
Note: ITC calculations
based on the World Bank WDI
Evolution of GDP per capita (constant 2005 US$)
Source: World Bank World
Development Indicators (WDI)
Note: ITC calculations
based on the World Bank WDI
Aid Dependency (Official Development Assistance/Gross National Income)
Source: World Bank World
Development Indicators (WDI)
Note: ITC calculations
based on the World Bank WDI. Regional group
refers to ITC definition
3. Trade Performance
3.1 General Trade
Performance
3.1.1 Evolution of Trade Ratio to GDP - Goods
3.1.2 Evolution of Trade
Ratio to GDP - Services
3.1.3 Evolution of Total
Trade
3.1.4 Trade Map
3.1.5 Export and Import
by Leading Destination - Export
3.1.6 Export and Import by Leading Destination - Import
3.1.7 Evolution of
Exports and Imports by Destination - Export
3.1.8 Evolution of
Exports and Imports by Destination - Import
3.1.9 Total Export
Growth
Note:Graph shows
decomposition of the country’s export growth in value terms by diversification
pattern over the indicated
period.
3.1.10 Marginal Export
Growth
Note:Graph shows
decomposition of the country’s export growth in value by structural driving
effects over the indicated period.
Values are in US$
thousands.
3.1.11 Composition of
Trade in Services - Export
3.1.12 Composition of
Trade in Services - Import
3.1.13 Evolution of FDI
3.2 Sector Trade
Performance
3.2.1 Sectoral
Diversification in Products - Export
3.2.3 Sectoral
Diversification in Destinations - Export
4.1 Trade and
Development Strategies
4.2 Domestic and Foreign
Market Access
4.3 Trade Facilitation
Logistics
Performance Index (LPI): Country Comparison
Logistics
Performance Index – Evolution
Source: World
Bank, Logistics Performance Index (LPI)
4.4 Business and
Regulatory Environment
Multilateral Trade
Instruments
Abstract
The Trade Treaties Map tool
is a web-based system on multilateral
trade treaties and
instruments designed to assist trade support
institutions (TSIs) and
policymakers in optimizing their country's legal
framework on international
trade
Instrument
ratified : 49 / 266 instruments
Ratification
rate : 18.4%
Weighted
score : 25/100
Ratification
Rate Rank
Weighted
Score
Rank
In World : 185 /
193 185 /
193
In Region : Sub-
Saharan
Africa
46/ 47 46/
47
In
Development
level :
Least
developed
country
45/ 48 45/
48
Graph
Presents a visual
illustration breaking down a country’s ratification level
according to various
categories and compares it to the world average.
Instruments
ratified Click here for a full list and more details about these
multi-lateral trade instruments
4.5 Infrastructure
5. ITC and the
Country/Territory
5.1 ITC Projects
5.1.1
Current projects
No Current Projects
Found!
5.1.2
Recent projects
Comesa regional trade
information networks
PACT 2 - COMESA Regional
Private Sector Apex Bodies for Public-Private Dialogue
PACT 2 - COMESA Networks
of National and Regional TSIs
PACT 2 - COMESA Sector
Strategy
PACT 2 - COMESA Market
Analysis and Sector Prioritization
PACT 2 - COMESA Improved
Technical Capacities and RBM Operations
5.2 Events
5.2.1
Upcoming events
No data
5.2.2
Recent events
No data
5.3 ITC Contacts
Ramin
GRANFAR
Trade
Promotion Officer
+41 22 730 0318
granfar@intracen.org
Ruben
PHOOLCHUND
Chief,
Office for Africa
+41 22 730 0508
phoolchund@intracen.org
Read more
6. Trade Information
Sources and
Contacts
6.1 Trade Information
Sources
This section provides a
list of country specific print and online publications on trade-related topics,
including both ITC and
external sources.
6.1.1
ITC publications
Trade
Secrets: The Export Answer Book for Small and Medium Sized Exporters. - Eritrea
Handbook customized to
suit the needs of exporting enterprises in Eritrea, answering most commonly
asked questions related to
export process - covers
market research, cultural issues, marketing, market entry methods,...
Indicative
COMESA Customs Tariff Rates and National Rates for Zimbabwe
Document lists Zimbabwe
national tariffs and COMESA tariffs side by side for all commodities on the
basis of the Harmonized
Commodity Description and
Coding System.
Read more
Building
Markets : Regional Integration, Responding to Necessity. - Kenya
Paper presented at ITC
World Export Development Forum : 'Bringing Down the Barriers - Charting a
Dynamic Export
Development Agenda',
Montreux, Switzerland, 8-11 October, 2007 - provides an overview of...
6.1.2 Selected printed
information sources
2006 - Kyambalesa H;
Houngnikpo M C Economic Integration and Development in Africa
2009 Regional Strategy
for Cotton -to -Clothing Value Chain
2003 - De la Rocha M The
Cotonou Agreement and its Implications for the Regional Trade Agenda in Eastern
and Southern
Africa
2003 - Hammond L
Obstacles to Regional Trade in the Horn of Africa: Borders, Markets, and
Production
2010 - Kiratu S; Roy S
Beyond Barriers : The Gender Implications of Trade Liberalization in Southern
Africa
2013 e-COMESA Newsletter
2006 - Meyn, Mareike
Regional Integration and EPA configurations in Southern and Eastern Africa :
What are the feasible
alternatives?
2011 ZDA Spotlight
2011 - Sandrey R Cape to
Cairo : An Assessment of the Tripartite Free Trade Area
2000 Competition Policy,
Trade and Development in the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa
2010 - Meyer, N.
Bilateral and Regional Trade Agreements and Technical Barriers to Trade : An
African Perspective
2010 - Mackie J Joining
up Africa : Support to Regional Integration
2010 - Ajumbo G Analysis
of Regional Integration Cooperation in the COMESA and the EAC
2010 Deepening Regional
Integration to Eliminate the Fragmented Goods Market in Southern Africa
2005 - Maonera F Dispute
Settlement under COMESA
2012 Accelerating Growth
through Improved Intra-African Trade
2011 - Viljoen W
Non-Tariff Barriers Affecting Trade in the COMESA- EAC-SADC Tripartite Free
Trade Agreement
2011 COMESA Investment
Report 2011
2011 - Jensen H G;
Sandrey R Intra-African Trade in Southern and Eastern Africa and the Role of
South Africa
2007 - Mambara,
Jacqueline Linda COMESA Customs Union : An Assessment of Progress and
Challenges for Eastern and
Southern Africa's Poor
2011 - Gajewski G
Promoting African Trade and Regional Integration : The Tripartite FTA and the
Role of Development
Corridors
2011 - Pearson M Trade
Facilitation in the COMESA-EAC-SADC Tripartite Free Trade Area
2012 Harmonisation and
Mutual Recognition of Regulations and Standards for Food Safety and Quality in
Regional Economic
Communities : The Case
of the East African Community (EAC) and the Common Market for Eastern and
Southern
Africa(COMESA)
2005 Impact of the End
of MFA Quotas on COMESA's Textile and Apparel Exports under AGOA : Can the
Sub-Saharan
African Textile and
Apparel Industry Survive and Grow in the Post-MFA World ?
2001 - Murinde V ed.
Free Trade Area of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa
2008 Perfil de la
Industria Paraguaya de Software
2009 Characteristics of
Malaysia's Animal Feed Market
2014 Perspectives on
Global Development 2014: Boosting Productivity to Meet the Middle-Income
Challenge
2010 Mobilizing Aid for
Trade for SPS-Related Technical Cooperation in the Greater Mekong Sub-Region
2010 Leather Garments in
the EU
2006 Overview of the
Current State of Organic Agriculture in Kenya, Uganda and the Republic of
Tanzania and the
Opportunities for
Regional Harmonization
2007 Export
Diversification and Value Addition for Human Development : Addressing the
Impact of the Agreement on Textiles
and Clothing Expiration
on Cambodia
2006 - Ruffing, Lorraine
Deepening Development Through Business Linkages
2012 OECD Economic
Surveys: Chile
2005 - Magder, D Egypt
after the Multi-Fiber Arrangement: Global Apparel and Textile Supply Chains as
a Route for Industrial
Upgrading
2006 Bangladesh:
Furniture Export Market Sector Brief
2012 Cotton
Contamination Surveys, 2001 - 2003 - 2005 - 2007 - 2009 - 2011
2006 - Boutou, Olivier
Management de la sécurité des aliments : De l'HACCP à l'ISO 22000
2006 Trading up :
Economic Perspectives on Development Issues in the Multilateral Trading System
2004 Perfiles de mercado
para productos bolivianos en los mercados de Argentina, Brasil, Chile,
Colombia, Ecuador, México,
Paraguay, Perú, Uruguay
y Venezuela
2010 Vietnam: Oilseeds
and Products
2007 Organic Farming in
the Czech Republic: 2007 Yearbook
2007 - Gibbon P; Bolwig
S Economics of Certified of Organic Farming in Tropical Africa: A Preliminary
Assessment
2006 The Relationship of
Third-party Certification (TPC) to Sanitary / Phytosanitary (SPS) Measures and
the International
Agri-Food Trade; Case
Study: Guatemala- with Emphasis on Food Safety
2007 - Ismail F
Mainstreaming Development in the WTO : Developing Countries in the Doha Round
2009 Market Report.
Focus on the Nordic Market - Fresh Fruit and Vegetables
2001 - Karlöf, Bengt
Benchlearning : Good Examples as a Lever for Development
2003 - Martin W;
Pangestu M, eds. Options for Global Trade Reform : A View from the Asia-Pacific
2010 L'industrie sri
lankaise du textile-habillement
2000 - Hauber,
Christiane Formation, Prevention & Determination of Cr (VI) in Leather
6.1.3 Selected online
information sources
Alliance for Commodity
Trade in Eastern and Southern Africa (ACTESA)
COMESA Food and
Agriculture Market Information System (FAMIS)
Intergovernmental
Authority on Development (IGAD)
Non-Tariff Barriers
Reporting, Monitoring and Eliminating Mechanism
Common Market For
Eastern And Southern Africa (COMESA)
TradeMark Southern
Africa (TMSA)
COMESA Statistical
Database (COMSTAT)
Cross Border Trade Desk
(CBT DESK)
Eastern and Southern
Africa Leather Industries Association (ESALIA)
TradeAfrica.biz
Leather Trade
Information Portal (LMIP)
COMESA afriBUSINESS
6.2 Trade Contacts
Eritrean National
Chamber of
Commerce
46, Penden
Street Asmara
291 1 12 15 89
291 1 12 0138
encc@gemel.com.er
http://www.eritrea.be/old/eritreabusiness.htm
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